中国高等教育介绍

此政策是由中华人民共和国教育部于 1995 年启动，该项目旨于在 21 世纪内重点建设 100 所左右的大学和建设一批重点学科。从 1996 年到 2000 年，该项目已投入了约 20 亿美元。到目前为止，中国有 116 所大学符合该工程的标准要求，它们为学生提供了高等教育。此政策已被统筹为“双一流”建设。
The '𝙋𝙧𝙤𝙟𝙚𝙘𝙩 𝟐𝟏𝟏' is an educational project launched by the Chinese Ministry of Education in 1995. It was aimed at strengthening about 100 institutions of higher education and key disciplinary areas as a national priority for the 21st century. In the first phase of the project, about 2 billion US dollars were distributed from 1996 to 2000. Under the project, 116 selected Chinese national universities and colleges have been able to meet the standards of scientific, technical, and human resources specified, and they are offering higher degree programs for students. This project has been replaced by the '𝘿𝙤𝙪𝙗𝙡𝙚 𝙁𝙞𝙧𝙨𝙩-𝘾𝙡𝙖𝙨𝙨' Initiative.
点击此处能够查阅完整 211 大学名单。

此政策在 1998 年 5 月 4 日由中华人民共和国国家主席江泽民在庆祝北京大学建校 100 周年大会上宣布成立。该项目旨在加速 21 世纪世界先进水平的一流大学的建设，以及向世界展示中国教育体系的发展和声誉。此政策下共有 39 所大学参与，目前已被统筹为“双一流”建设。
The '𝙋𝙧𝙤𝙟𝙚𝙘𝙩 𝟗𝟖𝟓' is another educational project. For the first time, Chinese President Jiang Zemin was announced on 4 May 1998 in a ceremony organized on the 100th anniversary of the University of Peking. This project has been introduced to introduce world-class universities in the 21st Century and introduce the progress and reputation of the Chinese education system worldwide. So far, there are 39 universities sponsored by the project. This project has been replaced by the '𝘿𝙤𝙪𝙗𝙡𝙚 𝙁𝙞𝙧𝙨𝙩-𝘾𝙡𝙖𝙨𝙨' Initiative.
点击此处查阅完整 985 大学名单。

该联盟成立于 2009 年，是中国大陆首个大学联盟，成员来自首批 985 高校的 9 所大学，其模式类似美国常春藤、英国罗素盟校、澳大利亚G8模式。九所高校会互相借鉴对方的优势学科，设立培养合作与交流项目，共同发展，定位成为世界一流大学。
After the 211 and 985 projects, the C9 League was established in 2009, it is the first official alliance of Chinese universities and it is similar to American Ivy League, British Russell Group, Australia G8 model. The aim of the C9 is to allow universities to communicate with each other in order to foster better students by sharing their resources, including campuses, teachers, and so on. More importantly, they have committed themselves to world-class excellence.
点击此处能够查阅完整 C9 联盟大学名单。

中国在 2017 年公布此高等教育建设计划，旨在于 2050 年年底最终建成一批世界一流大学和一流学科，将中国打造成为国际高等教育强国。根据教育部、财政部和国家发改委联合发布的通知，世界一流大学建设高校为 42 所，打造优势学科为一流学科的高校为 95 所。与 211 工程及 985 工程不同，实行动态管理，但大学的 “双一流” 称号并非终身制，中国将对建设高校实施了动态监测与管理，保障大学提供的教育水平。
The initiative was released in 2017 by China's government, it aims to ultimately build a number of world-class universities and disciplines by the end of 2050, in an effort to make China an international higher education power. According to the circular, 42 universities and colleges will be developed into world-class educational institutions, while 95 universities will focus on building their preponderant disciplines into first-rate ones. Different from Project 985 and Project 211, the '𝘿𝙤𝙪𝙗𝙡𝙚 𝙁𝙞𝙧𝙨𝙩-𝘾𝙡𝙖𝙨𝙨' title for university is not an interminable status, they will receive dynamic monitoring and management.
点击此处查阅完整双一流大学(第二轮)名单。